Quick Answer
A full 20 lb propane tank weighs about 38 pounds. The empty tank itself weighs around 18 pounds. When filled to capacity with propane fuel, the total weight increases to approximately 38 pounds.
Calculating the Full Weight of a Propane Tank
Propane tanks are commonly available in sizes ranging from 5 lbs up to 100 lbs. The most popular size for household use is the standard 20 lb propane tank. Understanding how much a full tank weighs can be useful for transporting and handling the tanks safely.
The empty 20 lb propane cylinder itself weighs around 18-19 pounds on average. This includes the weight of the steel tank, valve fittings, and protective enamel coating. Once filled to capacity with liquid propane, the total weight increases by the weight of the fuel itself.
Liquid propane has a density of about 4.2 pounds per gallon (0.508 kg/L). A standard 20 lb capacity propane tank holds about 4.7 gallons (18 L) of propane fuel when full. With 4.7 gallons weighing about 20 pounds, this means the total weight of a full 20 pound propane tank is around 38 pounds.
To summarize:
– Weight of empty 20 lb propane tank: Approx. 18-19 lbs
– Weight of 4.7 gallons of liquid propane: Approx. 20 lbs
– Total weight of full 20 lb propane tank: Approx. 38 lbs
The exact weight may vary slightly depending on factors like the tank manufacturer and thickness. But in general, a full 20 pound propane cylinder will weigh roughly 38 pounds for handling and transportation purposes.
Typical Specifications for 20 lb Propane Tanks
Most consumer 20 lb propane tanks share similar dimensions and specifications. Here are some common specs for these popular propane cylinders:
– Capacity: 20 lbs of propane
– Empty weight: 18-19 lbs
– Full weight: 38 lbs
– Height: 18 inches
– Diameter: 12 inches
– Valve opening: POL or Type 1 connection
– Tank material: Steel with enamel coating
– Pressure relief valve: Fixed at 250 psi
– OPD valve: Excess flow safety shutoff at 10-15 gal/min flow
These standard 20 lb propane tanks are designed to hold just over 4 gallons of liquid propane fuel, allowing for expansion as temperatures fluctuate. They are filled to about 80% capacity to leave room for liquid propane to expand into gas as needed.
Factors Affecting the Full Weight
While the total weight of a full 20 lb propane tank averages around 38 pounds, there are some factors that can affect the exact full weight:
Tank Manufacturing Variances
There are slight differences in weight between propane tanks from different manufacturers. The thickness of the steel material, enamel coating, and valves can account for a pound or two of weight variance.
Overfilling
While tanks are designed to hold just over 4 gallons when properly filled, overfilling beyond recommended levels can add more weight. This is generally not recommended for safety reasons.
Temperature and Expansion
The density and therefore weight of propane fuel fluctuates slightly based on temperature. Hot weather can cause more expansion and decrease density versus cold weather.
Rust Buildup
Over time, empty tanks left outside may accumulate rust on the exposed steel surface, adding a bit of weight compared to a newer tank. Proper maintenance helps minimize this.
Attached Accessories
Items added to the tank like gauges or protective covers will also incrementally increase the total full weight.
So while the typical full weight is 38 lbs, these factors can cause the actual weight to range from 37-39 lbs in some cases.
Weight Differences for Other Propane Tank Sizes
The same principles of empty tank weight plus filled propane weight apply to propane cylinders of other common sizes:
| Tank Size | Empty Weight | Full Weight |
|---|---|---|
| 5 gallon | 8 lbs | 15 lbs |
| 10 gallon | 13 lbs | 23 lbs |
| 20 pound | 18 lbs | 38 lbs |
| 30 pound | 26 lbs | 56 lbs |
| 40 pound | 39 lbs | 79 lbs |
So a smaller 5 gallon propane tank weighs around 15 pounds when full, while larger capacity cylinders weigh correspondingly more when filled. But the empty tank weight always makes up a significant portion of the total weight.
Why Understanding Propane Tank Weight Matters
Knowing the full weight of propane tanks can be useful for several reasons:
Safety
Propane is flammable and the tanks contain gas under pressure. Mishandling heavy, full tanks risks injury or fire hazards. Being aware of the 38 pound weight helps handle them properly. This includes lifting, carrying, and securing tanks during transport.
Transportation Limits
Certain vehicles, trailers, elevators, etc. have weight limits that must be observed. Knowing the full tank weight helps avoid overloading during transportation. This is especially critical for larger tanks.
Usage Tracking
Comparing a tank’s weight before and after filling can confirm how much propane was actually used after a period of time. This helps estimate remaining supply.
Avoid Damage
Dropping or impacting heavy propane tanks can damage the tank, valves, or internal components. Understanding the weight helps prevent mishaps that could compromise safety and require expensive repairs.
Efficiency
Full propane tanks are heavy to transport and handle. Knowing the expected full weight allows you to plan accordingly and work efficiently. You can strategize how to best move and store the tanks.
So being aware of how much a full propane tank weighs compared to empty is useful knowledge for both safety and efficiency. While approximate weights are commonly available, you can also choose to weigh tanks yourself on a scale for direct measurement.
Filling 20 lb Propane Tanks
It’s important to have 20 lb propane tanks properly filled by qualified propane suppliers. Attempting to fill tanks yourself risks dangerous overfilling. Here are some tips for getting tanks filled:
– Locate local propane filling stations or suppliers. Many gas stations, hardware stores, and heating companies can fill tanks.
– Transport empty tanks securely to avoid damage. Place upright and brace during driving.
– Ask for a top off or max fill to capacity around 4.7 gallons. This fills the tank to about 80% volume.
– Stay outside of hazardous areas during filling. The technician handles the actual fuel filling process.
– Avoid overfilling tanks beyond recommended levels. Overfilled tanks put pressure on valves.
– Have the technician check for leaks after filling using a propane leak detector spray solution.
– Carefully transport filled propane tank back home, securing it upright to prevent tipping and damage.
– Consider getting spare tanks to have one refilling while the other is in use, so you don’t run out mid-use.
Taking these safety precautions allows you to have tanks properly filled to the optimal 38 pound weight and ready for use.
Using Lifting Equipment With Propane Tanks
Because full propane tanks can be heavy and difficult to handle, using lifting equipment can make moving and transporting tanks easier and safer:
Hand Trucks
A hand truck with a cradle or strap can transport individual tanks. Make sure to balance and secure the tank. Use care when tilting back to avoid slipping.
Flatbed Carts
A flatbed cart or dolly allows rolling multiple tanks at once. Strap tanks tightly to the cart to prevent tipping.
Forklifts
Forklifts allow large propane tanks to be lifted and stacked. Use proper forklift attachments to hold cylinders securely without damaging valves.
Cranes
Cranes or hoists with propane tank attachments enable full tanks to be lifted to roof locations or onto truck beds for transport. Always verify weight limits.
Straps and Handles
Special straps or handles can attach to tanks to make carrying heavier cylinders easier. Helps improve grip and distribute weight.
The right equipment reduces injury risks from exertion lifting full propane tanks. Always inspect equipment condition and capacity rating prior to use. Take care to securely cradle and balance tanks when lifting. Move tanks slowly to avoid knocks or bumps.
Conclusion
A full 20 lb propane tank weighs around 38 pounds, compared to an empty weight of 18-19 pounds for just the tank itself. This total weight is a result of the steel tank, valves, and the approximate 20 pounds of liquid propane fuel capacity. Understanding how much a full propane tank weighs helps with proper handling, transporting tanks, calculating usage, and using lifting equipment safely. With the right precautions, 20 lb propane tanks can be filled, moved, and used effectively for residential and commercial purposes.