Mugwort herb, also known as Artemisia vulgaris, has been used for centuries in traditional medicine practices. More recently, mugwort has gained popularity for its potential health benefits. But is it safe to ingest mugwort herb? Here is a comprehensive look at whether or not you can ingest mugwort and how to do so safely.
What is Mugwort Herb?
Mugwort is a bitter, aromatic herb that grows in many parts of the world. It is a member of the Asteraceae family and is closely related to wormwood. Mugwort can grow up to 6 feet tall and has long, green leaves that are covered in fine hairs. The leaves produce a distinct odor, especially when crushed. Mugwort flowers in the summer, producing small yellow-green buds that turn into burr-like seed pods.
All parts of the mugwort plant are used medicinally, including the leaves, buds, and root. Mugwort has been used since ancient times in various cultures. During the Middle Ages in Europe, mugwort was used as a magical protective herb. It was believed to ward off evil spirits, poisoning, and even promote dreams.
Some of the traditional medicinal uses of mugwort include:
- Treating stomach and intestinal issues
- Promoting menstruation
- Relieving joint pain
- Improving appetite
- Providing neuroprotection
Today, mugwort is gaining popularity as an herbal health supplement, especially among women. The primary active compounds in mugwort include volatile oils like cineole and thujone, flavonoids, triterpenes, and sesquiterpene lactones.
Is Mugwort Herb Safe to Ingest?
When taken in small, regulated doses, mugwort herb is generally considered safe for most people to ingest. However, there are some precautions to keep in mind:
- Allergic reactions – Some people may be allergic to mugwort and experience reactions like contact dermatitis when handling the herb. Allergies are more common among people who are also allergic to plants like chamomile, ragweed, and chrysanthemums.
- Pregnancy/breastfeeding – Mugwort should be avoided during pregnancy as it can stimulate menstruation and possibly cause miscarriage. The safety for breastfeeding moms is unknown.
- Medication interactions – Mugwort may interact with medications that are changed by the liver. This includes drugs like anti-anxiety meds, anti-seizure meds, and blood thinners.
- Contaminants – Mugwort is a natural herb that can be contaminated with things like heavy metals, pesticides, and bacteria if not properly harvested or processed.
Always talk to your doctor before starting mugwort, especially if you take any medications or have a health condition. And only purchase high-quality mugwort from reputable suppliers to ensure safety and purity.
Recommended Dosages for Ingesting Mugwort
There are no standardized dosing guidelines for mugwort herb. Doses can range quite a bit based on the desired therapeutic use and preparation method. Here are some general ingestion guidelines:
Mugwort Tea
The most popular way to consume mugwort is in tea form. For mugwort tea, use about 1-2 teaspoons of dried herb per 1 cup (8 oz) of hot water. Let steep for 5-10 minutes before drinking 1-3 cups per day.
Mugwort Tincture
Tinctures allow for easy measurement of doses. For tinctures use 3-4 mL, taken 1-3 times per day. Follow instructions on supplement labels as doses can vary between brands.
Mugwort Capsules
Typically mugwort capsules provide 500-1000 mg of the herb. A common dosage for capsules is 500-2000 mg taken 1-3 times daily. Follow label instructions for capsules as well.
Smoking Mugwort
Some sources suggest smoking dried mugwort. However this method is not recommended as inhaling mugwort smoke has not been proven safe and carries potential lung risks.
When trying mugwort for the first time, always start with lower doses like 1-2 cups of tea per day. Monitor for any side effects and adjust the dosage up slowly over time if needed.
Precautions for Safe Ingestion
If you want to safely consume mugwort herb, keep these precautions in mind:
- Talk to your doctor first, especially if pregnant, breastfeeding, or taking medications
- Start with lower doses and work up slowly
- Purchase high-quality herb from reputable suppliers
- Be aware of potential side effects like digestive upset, nausea, and allergic reactions
- Do not exceed recommended doses
- Stop use if any concerning symptoms develop
- Avoid smoking mugwort or using it long-term without professional guidance
Closely follow dosing instructions on any mugwort supplement products as well. Using mugwort safely means being an informed, cautious consumer.
What are the Benefits of Mugwort Herb?
Mugwort has been used to promote health in a variety of ways. Here are some of the top evidence-based benefits:
1. Eases Menstrual Discomfort
Multiple studies have found mugwort tea can help relieve common PMS symptoms like cramps, headaches, nausea, and fatigue. It is believed to have antispasmodic properties that relax the uterus. Mugwort also influences hormone levels to inhibit prostaglandin production.
2. Improves Digestive Issues
Traditionally mugwort was used to treat various digestive complaints like constipation, diarrhea, worms, and gastritis. Animal and cell studies confirm mugwort has anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant effects that protect the GI tract.
3. Provides Neuroprotection
Studies demonstrate that certain compounds in mugwort, like isochlorogenic acid A, can reduce oxidative stress in the brain and prevent neuronal damage. This makes mugwort a promising herb for preventing age-related cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disease.
4. Boosts Energy Levels
Some people use mugwort as a stimulant and energy booster, especially when feeling tired or fatigued. Compounds in mugwort may help increase blood circulation and oxygen flow throughout the body for an energizing effect.
5. Eases Anxiety
Mugwort has traditionally been used to calm the nervous system and aid sleep. Animal studies show mugwort extracts have anti-anxiety effects. The flavonoid apigenin in mugwort helps regulate GABA receptors which control fear and anxiety responses.
6. Aids Dream Recall
One of the most well-known uses of mugwort is for vivid dreaming. Compounds in mugwort are believed to influence sleep cycles and improve dream recall and intensity. Keep a dream journal by your bed to help remember mugwort-enhanced dreams.
Overall, current research seems to support the traditional uses of mugwort for health issues like menstrual problems, digestion, neuroprotection, energy, anxiety, and vivid dreams.
What are the Side Effects of Mugwort?
For most people mugwort is well tolerated, especially when used short-term in moderate doses. However, there are some potential side effects to be aware of:
- Allergic reactions – rashes, hives, itching, swelling
- Uterine bleeding – due to effects on menstruation
- Heartburn – mugwort’s bitter taste can irritate the stomach
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Fatigue
- Diarrhea
- Vivid dreams – some find mugwort-influenced dreams unpleasant
Women who experience uterine bleeding after taking mugwort should stop ingesting it immediately. Seek emergency care if bleeding is excessive.
If any concerning symptoms develop when taking mugwort herb, stop ingestion and consult your physician right away.
Can Mugwort Interact with Medications?
There is the potential for mugwort herb to interact with certain pharmaceutical medications. Some possible mugwort interactions include:
Blood Thinners
Mugwort contains coumarin compounds that are natural blood thinners. Using mugwort alongside prescription blood thinners like warfarin or Plavix may increase anti-clotting effects and bleeding risk.
Sedatives
The GABA-modulating effects of mugwort could compound the activity of central nervous system depressants like benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and sleep medications.
Antidepressants
Mugwort may inhibit serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake from the brain. This could theoretically cause excessive elevations in these neurotransmitters when combined with antidepressants like SSRIs or SNRIs.
Anticonvulsants
Mugwort acts on GABA receptors involved in seizure activity. It may either increase or decrease the effectiveness of anticonvulsant medications used to treat epilepsy and seizures.
Diabetes Medications
Animal research indicates mugwort may lower blood sugar levels. It could possibly enhance the effects of diabetes drugs and increase hypoglycemia risk.
To be safe, consult your doctor before using mugwort if you take any prescription or over-the-counter medications. Never make changes to medication regimens without medical supervision.
Is Mugwort Safe for Pregnant Women?
No, mugwort should be strictly avoided by pregnant women. The uterine stimulation effects of mugwort may lead to miscarriage or premature labor.
Mugwort has emmenagogue actions, meaning it promotes menstrual flow. Even in small amounts, mugwort ingestion could stimulate menstruation which can endanger early pregnancy viability.
Animal studies also indicate certain compounds in mugwort may negatively impact fetal development and growth. To prevent harm to mom and baby, pregnant women should not consume mugwort in any form.
Can You Safely Smoke Mugwort?
Smoking mugwort herb is not recommended. Burning and inhaling mugwort may irritate lung tissue and contain toxic substances.
Some sources suggest smoking mugwort or blending it with other herbs for supposed mind-altering benefits. However, mugwort smoke has not been proven clinically safe or effective.
Much more research is needed on any benefits of smoking mugwort. Since potential risks exist, it is best to avoid smoking this herb until safety is conclusively established.
What is Mugwort Essential Oil Used For?
Mugwort essential oil is extracted from the mugwort plant by steam distillation. The oil contains concentrated volatile compounds from mugwort leaves and flowers.
Mugwort oil is primarily used aromatherapeutically for its believed therapeutic effects. Proponents claim benefits of mugwort essential oil include:
- Reducing anxiety and stress
- Promoting restful sleep
- Boosting energy and mental clarity
- Easing respiratory conditions
- Relieving pain and inflammation
- Improving menstrual regularity
- Repelling insects
To use mugwort oil, add a few diluted drops to a cold diffuser or inhale directly from the bottle. Never ingest mugwort oil internally. Conduct a skin patch test before topical use to check for allergic reactions.
Is Mugwort Essential Oil Safe?
When used properly, mugwort oil is generally safe for most people. However, potential side effects can include:
- Skin irritation or allergic reactions
- Headaches or dizziness
- Nausea
- Changes to menstruation
- Lowered blood pressure
Mugwort oil should not be used by pregnant women, infants, or young children. Discontinue use if any adverse effects occur.
Mugwort oil is also toxic to the liver and kidneys in high doses. Only use small dilutions for short periods to prevent buildup of toxic thujone compounds.
Conclusion
When used carefully under professional guidance, ingesting mugwort herb may offer certain health benefits. However, mugwort can also have side effects and interactions, so caution is warranted.
Pregnant and breastfeeding women should avoid mugwort entirely due to uterus stimulation effects. For everyone else, talk to your doctor before starting mugwort, especially if you take any medications.
Start with lower mugwort doses and watch closely for any adverse reactions. Discontinue use if any develop. To safely realize the traditional medicinal uses of mugwort herb, be an informed and smart consumer.
